(Published in 1962 by Scholastic Book Services, a division of Scholastic Magazines, New York City, NY; based on material published in 1959 by J. B. Lippincott Company). Co-author John Edwin Bakeless was born on December 30, 1894, at Carlisle Barracks in Carlisle, PA, to Oscar Hugh Bakeless and Sara Harvey Bakeless. Oscar was head of academic instruction at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School and later became a professor of pedagogy at Bloomsburg State Normal School. Edward received his B. A. in philosophy from Williams College in 1918. His academic career was exceptionally brilliant and successful. While at Williams, Bakeless received the David A. Wells Graduate Prize for his essay The Economic Causes of Modern War, which later became his first book. In 1920 he married Katherine Little, a writer and musician, later writing several novels with her. He continued his studies at Harvard and received his M. A. in philosophy in 1920 and Ph. D. in English philology in 1936. While at Harvard, Bakeless completed his dissertation, Christopher Marlowe, A Biographical and Critical Study, which ultimately resulted in two books, Christopher Marlowe, The Man in His Time and The Tragical History of Christopher Marlowe. Having begun his journalistic career at his hometown newspaper, the Bloomsburg Morning Press, as a part time reporter in 1911, he continued to write for the Morning Press during his college vacations. In 1921 he accepted the position of literary editor of The Living Age and later advanced to the position of managing editor and editor. He also spent time working as the managing editor of The Forum, literary editor of the Literary Digest, and literary advisor to The Independent. As a student at Williams Bakeless had joined the R.O.T.C. in 1917. From 1918 until his retirement in 1953 Bakeless served in the United States Army. His military career was very successful and included service as Colonel on the General Staff, assistant chief of the Balkan and Near East Section of the Military Intelligence Division in the War Department from 1940 until 1946, assistant military attach at Turkey in 1944, and as Chief Intelligence Officer on the American Delegation of the Allied Control Commission in Bulgaria in 1945. During Bakeless's military career he was awarded a Bronze Star and then served as a consultant to the Central Intelligence Agency during the post-war period. In 1927 Bakeless began his teaching career at New York University where he taught journalism and literary criticism. He also taught at Sarah Lawrence College for five years and at Finch College for four years. In addition, he spent time lecturing at many colleges and universities such as Dickinson College, Harvard, Yale, and the Universities of Colorado and Michigan. During his post-war period academic career and the years following, Bakeless also spent much of his time researching and writing books about war, expedition, traitors, heroes, espionage, and biographies on America's first explorers. Some of his most well-known works include Lewis and Clark, Partners in Discovery; Daniel Boone, Master of the Wilderness; Fighting Frontiersmen; and Signers of the Declaration. The clarity, occasional conversational tone, and accuracy of Bakeless's works make them suitable for use as educational material for young children, and they have been used in classrooms across the country. Indeed, Spies of the Revolution is the kind of book that used to be used in schools when students actually studied history from real sources instead of social studies from watered-down revisionist textbooks. In order to devote his full time to his books, he retired from teaching in 1953. In 1940, Bakeless purchased a historic farmhouse near New Haven, CT, and lived there until his death on August 8, 1978. The time Bakeless spent training and working as a consultant to the Central Intelligence Agency prepared him for his research on the role of military intelligence in American history. His extensive research resulted in the accumulation of many unique and previously unknown materials. He used these resources to write books on military intelligence such as Spies of the Confederacy and Turncoats, Traitors, and Heroes: Espionage in the American Revolution. Spies of the Revolution is a version of Turncoats, Traitors, and Heroes made by Bakeless and his wife Katharine for young people. It is an absolutely fascinating look into a very little-known aspect of a very important part of our nation's history! The product description for this book on the Barnes and Noble website reads, A strange message in code! Messages in silver bullets and jacket buttons! Letters written in invisible ink. All across revolutionary America, spies for the patriots and the redcoats are stealing through enemy lines, getting vital information. Who are these spies? No one can be sure. Who would suspect the schoolmaster, or a fourteen-year-old boy, a Quaker housewife, a Yankee farmer, a Boston surgeon? Yet each one is risking his life on a secret mission that may change history. In addition to giving a fresh perspective to such well-known figures as Paul Revere and Nathan Hale, the former general staff intelligence officer in World War II reveals the exploits and tribulations of scores of other spies, including the high-ranking traitor Dr. Benjamin Church, the Continental Army's Director General of Hospitals, who risked life and honor in a silent, anonymous shadow war. Any study of the American Revolution would be greatly augmented by the use of this book. Unfortunately, it is no longer in print. Turncoats, Traitors, and Heroes is still available, but reading its description I concluded that there may be some things in it that would not be suitable for children. In Spies of the Revolution, the word is used once in a quote from a British officer. Otherwise there is nothing objectionable. Language level: I'll compromise and give it a 2. Ages: 10-15. GOOD.

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